Encyclopedia

KPV is a tripeptide (Lys-Pro-Val) corresponding to the C-terminal sequence of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). It is studied for anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in intestinal inflammation (inflammatory bowel disease models) and skin conditions, and can act both systemically and topically. It is not FDA-approved.

KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-MSH and retains much of the parent hormone's anti-inflammatory activity without its pigmentary (melanocortin receptor) effects. Research, largely in cell and animal models, indicates KPV can enter cells directly and via the intestinal peptide transporter PepT1, where it down-modulates pro-inflammatory signaling (including NF-kappaB pathways). It has been investigated for inflammatory bowel disease and for inflammatory skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis. Evidence is preclinical; it is among peptides under FDA 503A compounding review.

Mechanism of Action

Acts intracellularly to inhibit pro-inflammatory signaling, including NF-kappaB activation and downstream inflammatory cytokine production. In the gut it is taken up by the peptide transporter PepT1 in intestinal epithelial cells, reducing mucosal inflammation. Retains alpha-MSH anti-inflammatory activity without significant melanocortin pigmentary effects.